The 3-SAT problem is a specific form of the SAT where every clause consists of exactly 3 literals, where every literal is bound to a different variable.
Example: (¬x1∨x2∨x3)∧(x1∨¬x2∨x3)∧(¬x1∨¬x2∨¬x3)
Note: Sometimes, 3-SAT refers to the sub-problem of SAT where each clause has at most 3 literals.