databases

Definition

Entity Relationship Model

An entity-relationship model (or ER model) describes interrelated things of interest in a specific domain of knowledge.

Entity Set

Entity Set

An entity set is a concrete set of entities of the same entity type.

All entities of the same entity type (or entity set) have the properties.

Entity

Entity

An entities is an object of the real world for which information is stored. Only properties of entities can be stored in a database, not the entity itself.

Weak Entity

Attribute

Attribute

Attributes model properties of entities or relation for a specific domain.

Single-Valued Attribute

Single-Valued Attribute

An attribute is called single-valued if it accepts only one concrete value.

Multi-Valued Attribute

Single-Valued Attribute

An attribute is called multi-valued if it accepts a collection of values.

Composite Attribute

Composite Attribute

An attribute is called composite if is consists of multiple sub-attributes.

Example:

Derived Attribute

Derived Attribute

An attribute is called derived if it is not stored but computed/derived from another attribute.

Key

Primary Key

Primary Key

A primary key is a key candidate that identifies an entity uniquely.

Relation

Weak Relation

IS-A

Total IS-A

Total IS-A

Every less-specialised entity type must be owned by a specialised entity type.

Partial IS-A

Partial IS-A

Every less specialised entity type can (but doesn’t have to) be owned by a specialised entity type.

Specialisation

Overlapping Specialisation

Disjunctive Specialisation

Generalisation