operating-systems file-management

Definition

Free Space Management

Free space management refers to the techniques used by the OS to track and allocate unassigned blocks on a secondary storage device.

Methods

Bit Table (Bitmap)

A vector where each bit represents one disk block:

  • 0: Block is free
  • 1: Block is allocated

Benefit: Small space overhead, fast contiguous free block search.

Chained Free Portions

A linked list of free disk areas. Each entry contains a pointer to the start of a free region and the number of blocks.

Cost: Fragmentation over time; extra disk operations for pointer updates during allocation/deallocation.

Indexing

Free space managed as a special system file storing addresses of all free blocks in an indexed structure. Efficient for all file allocation methods.