Classification

machine-learning supervised-learning

Definition

Classification

Classification is a supervised learning task where the objective is to predict a discrete class label for a given input. Formally, given an instance space $\mathcal{X}$ and a finite label space $\mathcal{Y}=\{y_1,y_2,\dots ,y_k\}$, the learner aims to find a mapping $h:\mathcal{X}\to \mathcal{Y}$.

Common examples include:

• Binary Classification: $\mathcal{Y}=\{0,1\}$ (e.g., Goat vs. Sheep).
• Multi-class Classification: $|\mathcal{Y}|>2$.