Definition
Triptan
Mechanism
Triptans act through three principal mechanisms:
- Vasoconstriction of meningeal blood vessels via 5-HT1B receptors.
- Inhibition of pro-inflammatory neuropeptide release from trigeminal nerve terminals via 5-HT1D receptors.
- Suppression of nociceptive transmission in the trigeminocervical complex.
Limitations
Contraindications and overuse
Because triptans induce vasoconstriction, they are contraindicated in patients with significant cardiovascular disease. Regular use on more than ten days per month risks medication overuse headache.
Examples
Common agents